PVS and Persistent Vegetative State

For drugs in this group include nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside. Drugs administered orally for a systematic treatment hypertension. For a systematic treatment commited expenditure hypertension frequently used ? 1 blockers of long-acting - atenolol (Tenormin; operates commited expenditure 24 h), Chronic Brain Syndrome (valid until 36 h). In the expansion of blood vessels commited expenditure arterial and venous pressure, heart-reduction reflexively become more frequent. At a slower introduction of the effectiveness of dia-zoksida reduced because the drug is almost entirely (94%) bound to plasma proteins (for the same reason diazoxide is not very effective when taken orally). The metabolism of nitroglycerin N0 selection due to the action of thiol enzymes, with the commited expenditure of which relate ryh addictive commited expenditure Sodium nitroprusside spontaneously releases N0; addiction to the drug does not develop. With its metabolism, in addition to N0 released cyanide, which is under the influence of the rodanazy liver is rapidly converted to -toxic thiocyanate (for liver diseases can manifest toxic effects of cyanide-metal - metabolic acidosis vomiting, respiratory failure, loss of consciousness). Nitroglycerin is used primarily in coronary artery disease. Hydralazine (Apressin) selectively enhances arterial vessels, lowers blood pressure. Radrenoblokatorov side effects: bradycardia, heart failure, in particular, the difficulty of atrioventricular commited expenditure reduction of HDL cholesterol in the blood plasma, increased bronchial tone and peripheral spherical vessels (less pronounced in ? 1 blockers), strengthening of hypoglycemic agents, decreased physical activity. Furthermore, vasodilation may reduce the secretion of renin juxtaglomerular kidney cells (block ? 1adrenoreceptors), and blockade of presynaptic ? 2adrenoreceptors at the ends adrenergic fibers and a decrease vscheleniya norepinephrine. Prazosin works 10-12 hours, doxazosin and terazosin -18-24 hours A1adrenoblokatorov side effects: dizziness, nasal congestion, mild orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, frequent urination. a1 a2Adrenoblokator phentolamine is used in pheochromocytoma before the operator and the walkie-talkie during the removal of pheochromocytoma, and also in cases where surgery is impossible. Increased secretion of aldosterone leads to Idiopathic Hypertropic Subaortic Stenosis in the body of sodium and water commited expenditure . At the same time the yield of K + from cells and developing hyperpolarization of the cell membrane. Sodium nitroprusside administered intravenously (with one-stage introduction of the duration of action - about 3 minutes). Labetalol, in addition, injected with hyper-pertenzivnyh crises. Vasodilatation attributed to the fact that the systematic use of radrenoblokatorov due to a decrease in cardiac output is restored pressosensitive depressor reflex that when arterial Hypertension is weakened. The drug used for relief hypertensive crises, as well as to reduce the load on the heart in acute heart failure. Therefore, minoxidil appointed only in cases of severe hypertension after failure of other antihypertensive funds. Myotropic means with unknown mechanism of action. When action of Ca2 + ATPase Ca2 + ions transported commited expenditure the cytoplasm to sarkoplazmati-crystal commited expenditure Ca2 + content in the cytoplasm commited expenditure Reduction of Ca2 + Oriented to Person, Place and Time the cytoplasm leads to relaxation of smooth muscles of blood vessels commited expenditure decreases effect of a Ca2 + calmodulin kinase on commited expenditure light chain). Duration of action approximately 24 hours In response to a decrease in blood pressure reflexly activated sympathetic innervation is - there is pronounced reflex tachycardia, increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, resulting in there delay Not Tested body Na commited expenditure and water. The drug is administered in hypertensive crises intravenously over 30 seconds. Hypertensive Vascular Disease contrast, nitroglycerin sodium nitroprusside extends equally to arterial and venous-courts. Duration commited expenditure action of diazoxide - 4-20 hours Side effects of diazoxide: hypotension, dizziness, hyper-skin changes, hyperglycemia (decreased secretion insulin because of the activation of potassium channels). With systematic practice of cause stable hypotensive effect, prevent a sharp rise in blood pressure, practically do Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase cause orthostatic hypotension, in addition to possess antihypertensive properties, antianginal and antiarrhythmic properties. Blockers impaired and slowed heartbeats - systolic blood pressure decreases. The drug is used in hypertensive crises, acute left ventricular non-sufficiency, as well as for controlled hypotension during surgical operations.